After the 50’s

 

Pop Art

Pop Art is an art movement of the twentieth century. Pop Art started in late 1950's in England and grew in the United States in early 1960's. The forerunners of Pop Art are French artist Marcel Duchamp and the German artist Kurt Schwitters.

Andy Warhol's Campbell Soup Can's is a famous and well known example of Pop Art.

Kinetic Art

Kinetic art depends on motion for its effect. Kinetic art explores how things look when they move. The movement is not virtual or illusory, but a real movement that might be created by a motor, water, wind or even a button pushed by the viewer. Over time, kinetic art has developed in response to an increasingly technological culture.
The Kinetic art was first recorded by Naum Gabo and Antoine Pevsner. The first kinetic sculpture was by Marcel Duchamp in 1913.

The roots of Kinetic art are primarily European.

Kinetic art encompasses a wide variety of overlapping techniques and styles.

David Ascalon, Bruce Gray, Ned Kahn, Len Lye and Ludwig Wilding are some well known kinetic sculptors.

 

Op Art

Op Art is also known as Optical Art. It is a genre of visual art that makes use of optical illusions.

Op art works are abstract, many of the first, better-known pieces were made in only black and white. The viewer gets the impression of movement by flashing and vibration, or alternatively of swelling or warping. Two techniques used to achieve this effect are perspective illusion and chromatic tension. Artists used colours, lines and shapes repetitive and simple ways to create perceived movement and to trick the viewer's eye.
The aim of Op Art was to produce illusions of depth, relief and motion.

Op art subsequently became tremendously popular, and Op Art images were used in a number of commercial contexts.

Getulio Alviani, Bridget Louise Riley, Richard Allen and Marian Zazeela are artists known for their op art.

 

Graffiti

Graffiti can be in the form of pictures, drawings or words inscribed on any surface, usually sidewalks and outside walls. Graffiti can be viewed as creative expression.

Graffiti was originally the term used for figure drawings, inscriptions, etc., found on the walls of ancient sepulchres or ruins as at Pompeii. The earliest forms of grafitti date back to 30,000 BCE in the form of prehistoric cave paintings and pictographs using tools such as animal bones and pigments.

Modern graffiti is often seen as having become intertwined with hip hop culture and the myriad of international styles derived from New York City Subway graffiti.